Test result date: 2022-07-23
Kit code: F9cS5KdK
Birth date: 1995-11-22
Welcome to your own microbiome!
and discover how to improve your (gut) health.
This report provides insight into the composition of your unique gut microbiota. We explain how the microbiota affects your health and provide practical tips to improve its composition. This way, you can work step by step to optimize your overall health. Getting started: 1. Review the summary. Here you will find your main scores and the tips that are important for you. 2. Review the short chapter How to read this report? This will ensure that you interpret the results correctly. 3. Go to the Results chapter for the full findings. Click on View tips to see how you can improve each score. Click on Show more data for explanations of specific bacteria. Or choose All sections unfold at the bottom left. 4. Under all main scores and subscores, you will find a More-info option. Click here for a more detailed explanation. 5. If you do not fully understand the report and/or need help, click on Extra guidance on the left and choose View our healthcare professionals (extra costs). After reading this report: 6. Apply the tips from this report to your diet and lifestyle. Use the checklists and tools from our download page (https://mymicrozoo.com/downloads) to make the implementation easier. Always consult a doctor if you have doubts or health concerns. 7. Measure your progress after at least four weeks with a new microbiome test. Extra options: - You can change the language of this report or download the report as a PDF file via the white buttons in the upper right corner. - All information in this report is based on solid scientific research. The sources are listed in the 'More explanation' option.
Bacteria Holding Report
Terms and conditions:https://www.mymicrozoo.com/nl/algemene-voorwaardenFor questions and suggestions, you can contact us:info@mymicrozoo.com
Summary
A. Diversity
CAN BE IMPROVED
B. Energy Production
GOOD
C. Unwanted Bacteria
CAN BE IMPROVED
D. Useful Bacteria
GOOD
Important!
The tips in this report are general guidelines for nutrition and lifestyle, based on your gut microbiome test and answers to the questionnaire. They are not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
Important!
Always consult a doctor first if the advice in this report deviates from previously received medical advice.
Your main tips
We have selected a few tips (maximum 5) based on your results. These are your main tips to improve your microbiome.
Improve your A. Diversity
We have combined your test results, diet, and lifestyle (based on the questionnaire) to determine how you can improve your score for A. Diversity. You will find these tips below. More information and additional advice can be found in the results chapter.
  1. Vary your food choices as much as possible
  2. Choose unprocessed products and avoid processed foods
  3. Check your scores for species richness and species distribution
We have combined your test results, diet, and lifestyle (based on the questionnaire) to determine how you can improve your score for B. Energy Production. You will find these tips below. More information and additional advice can be found in the results chapter.
  1. Choose foods with resistant starch
We have combined your test results, diet, and lifestyle (based on the questionnaire) to determine how you can improve your score for C. Unwanted Bacteria. You will find these tips below. More information and additional advice can be found in the results chapter.
You won't see tips here if your score for C. Unwanted Bacteria is good, if you're already following the tips in this report, or if you haven't filled out the questionnaire.
Improve your D. Useful Bacteria
We have combined your test results, diet, and lifestyle (based on the questionnaire) to determine how you can improve your score for D. Useful Bacteria. You will find these tips below. More information and additional advice can be found in the results chapter.
You won't see tips here if your score for D. Useful Bacteria is good, if you're already following the tips in this report, or if you haven't filled out the questionnaire.
How to read this report
Grouping of bacteria
Bacteria are organized in a practical way into groups, similar to humans and plants. You can think of this organization as a family tree: at the top are large and general groups, and as you move down, the groups become smaller and more specific, all the way down to one specific species. This grouping is called 'taxonomy'. Below, you see an example of the taxonomic classification of a bacterium (Faecalibacterium prausnitzii) and that of humans (Homo sapiens). The name of the taxonomic group, the 'level', is on the far left. The levels phylum, genus, and species are most commonly used to refer to bacteria (or bacterial groups). We also use these in this report.
Taxonomic levelExample bacteriumExample human
KingdomBacteriaAnimalia
Phylum (Division)FirmicutesChordata
ClassClostridiaMammalia
OrderClostridialesPrimates
FamilyRuminococcaceaeHominidae
GenusFaecalibacteriumHomo
SpeciesFaecalibacterium prausnitziiHomo Sapiens
How do I read the score bars?
Your microbiota is compared to that of healthy people from our database in this report. These people have no intestinal diseases or other health problems, do not use medications, and do not smoke. Additionally, they have the same enterotype as you and are over 18 years old. The green bar shows the most common scores among these healthy people. The ends of the green bar represent the lower and upper limits. The report shows whether your score (black triangle) falls inside or outside of this bar. For example, if your score is to the left of the bar, you score lower than most healthy people. The microbiome test tracks all gut bacteria, but uses a certain detection limit. This means that a bacterial species is only detected (picked up) if enough of it is present. If a bacterium is not picked up in your result or is lower than most healthy people, this does not necessarily mean that it is completely absent; the amount may simply be too low to detect. You can stimulate growth through diet and lifestyle, which may allow the test to detect the bacterium later. However, some bacteria are completely absent in certain microbiomes. Whether this is harmful depends on the species.
EXAMPLE GRAPH
1.60%

Your score

1.60
0.9
2.2
MIN
MAX
%x
Your score
Min
Lowest score among healthy people in our database
Green bar
Range of the most common scores among healthy people in our database
Max
Highest score among healthy people in our database
Important!
If your score falls outside the green bar, it does not necessarily mean that your result is bad; it simply deviates from the most common scores. Only if you are also experiencing (gut) issues, we advise you to discuss your results with a professional for personalized advice.
Your scores: all results
Diversity score - Total
CAN BE IMPROVED

The diversity score is based on both the species distribution (balance) and the species richness (quantity) (1,2). A healthy microbiome means high diversity of bacteria and an even distribution of them.

MORE EXPLANATION
Your score
5.06

You're on the right track with your diversity score, but it can be improved.

You score lower than most healthy individuals. See below the scores for species distribution and richness. Follow the tips to improve these scores (if you have complaints).

5.06
4.9
5.7
MIN
MAX
Species evenness

The species distribution is equal to the ratio of all different bacterial species in your intestines (1). The more even the ratio, the more balanced your microbiome is. Your score will be higher.

MORE EXPLANATION
Your score
0.12

Good job! Your species distribution is balanced.

Keep it up. See the tips below to maintain your species distribution.

0.12
0.1
0.1
MIN
MAX
Species richness

The species richness is equal to the quantity of different bacterial species in your intestines (1,2,3). The more different species in your microbiome, the higher the total diversity.

MORE EXPLANATION
Your score
106

Your species richness score requires attention.

You score lower than most healthy individuals. There may indeed be many different bacterial species living in your microbiome, but due to their low quantity per species, the test has picked up only a few species. You can stimulate the growth of these bacteria: see the results and tips below (if you have complaints).

106
121
186
MIN
MAX
Energy producing bacteria - Total
GOOD

During the breakdown of dietary fiber in the large intestine (fermentation), energy-producing bacteria produce important substances called short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). These SCFAs are important for many different gut bacteria and organs. The SCFAs in question are butyrate, propionate, and acetate (1).

There are different gut bacteria that produce one or more of these fatty acids. Each of these fatty acids has a different important function for our body. Below you can see your scores for butyrate- and propionate-producing bacteria. Please review this information carefully. In this report, we will not further discuss the production of acetate, as almost all gut bacteria produce acetate.

MORE EXPLANATION
YOUR SCORE
37.00%

Good job! Your score for energy-producing bacteria is good. This indicates that your microbiota contains enough gut bacteria that produce SCFAs.

Keep it up. See the tips below to maintain energy production.

37.00
30.5
41.0
MIN
MAX
C. Unwanted Bacteria
CAN BE IMPROVED

Bacteria are not so much 'good' or 'bad', but rather 'beneficial' or 'undesirable'. Some bacteria can play a role in health problems. In small amounts, they do little harm. However, when they are excessively present, they can cause (intestinal) issues. The unwanted bacterial groups we discuss in this report are sulfate-reducing bacteria, proteobacteria, and a group of specific species.

Sulphate reducing bacteria – Total

Sulphate reducing bacteria are a type of bacteria that convert sulphate into hydrogen sulphide, which can be toxic to human health, because it irritates the gut lining.

MORE EXPLANATION
Proteobacteria

Proteobacteria is a diverse group of bacteria found in the gut that includes many different species, such as Escherichia, Salmonella, and Helicobacter. While some Proteobacteria are beneficial, others have been linked to conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease and type 2 diabetes. In general, an increase in proteobacteria is also often seen in people that are a bit under the weather or have a flu.

MORE EXPLANATION
Unwanted species - Total

Most of the bacteria in our gut are neither good nor bad. However, certain species have been associated with various health issues and are considered unwanted in high amounts. Your scores for these notorious species are combined to form the 'Unwanted species - Total' score, which indicates the total presence of potentially harmful bacteria in your gut.

MORE EXPLANATION
D. Useful Bacteria
GOOD

Many bacteria are beneficial for (gut) health. The bacterial groups we are talking about here are keystone species, gas-producing bacteria, lactate-producing bacteria, and mucine-degrading bacteria. Below we explain what these beneficial bacteria do for you.

Despite their value, it is unfavorable if these species are excessively present: by taking up too much space, they push out other (beneficial) bacteria. Therefore, balance is important.

Keystone species - Total

Gut bacteria that fall under the keystone species category carry a lot of responsibility: they communicate with other organs, regulate nutrient absorption, and reduce the chance of inflammation. Keystone species do this, among other things, by stimulating the growth and activity of other beneficial bacteria (1).

Is your total score for keystone species orange or pink? Then make sure to review the information below to improve your score. If it's green, there's less priority here.

MORE EXPLANATION
Gas-producing bacteria - Total

Gas-producing bacteria are extremely important because they produce short-chain fatty acids during the fermentation of dietary fibers. During fermentation, gases such as carbon dioxide and methane are also produced as byproducts (1). These gases are useful, but too much can lead to bloating and excessive flatulence (2).

Is your total score for gas-producing bacteria orange or pink? Then carefully review the information below to improve the score. If it is green, this is less of a priority.

MORE EXPLANATION
Lactate producing bacteria - Total

Lactate producing bacteria produce a substance called lactate. Lactate has many beneficial effects on a person’s health. For example, bacteria can use lactate to produce butyrate and propionate. These substances are highly beneficial for your gut health.

MORE EXPLANATION
Mucin degrading bacteria - Total

Mucin degrading bacteria stimulate the renewal of the gut intestinal lining and the production of mucins by the gut. Mucins act as lubricant, hydration for the gut lining, protection against pathogenic microbes

MORE EXPLANATION
Your enterotype and composition
Your enterotype
The composition of gut bacteria in humans can be divided into three groups, called enterotypes. You can compare the enterotypes to blood types; each has its own composition with different properties. Your enterotype is determined by the bacteria you encounter as a child, including those found in food. Later in life, your enterotype can change if you start eating a significantly different diet.
Your enterotype
Bacteroides (type 1)

Characterized by a dominance of the genus Bacteroides. Bacteroides live off the carbohydrates of the mucus layer that your gut produces. The genus is often seen in people with a diet rich in meat. However, even people with a plant-based diet can have a Bacteroides enterotype, if they do not have Prevotella in their microbiome.

Your composition
Below you see a pie chart that represents the distribution of bacteria in your microbiome, which is the inner ring. The outer ring shows the average distribution of the microbiome in others with your enterotype. Hover your mouse over the colored sections to see the corresponding bacterium(group) and the percentage. This way, you can compare your microbiome with that of other healthy people. Want to learn more about a bacterium? Look it up in this report or online. Change taxonomic level: The diagram is set by default to show bacterial species, but you can change it to a higher level, such as genus or phylum. To do so, click on the white button 'Change level' to the right of the diagram. Since there are so many bacteria at the species level, we display a maximum of ten of the most common species. The same applies to higher taxonomic levels.
Inner ring = your scores Outer ring = average score of healthy people with your enterotype

List of all bacteria

Below is a list of all bacterial species, including your score and that of most healthy people. The bacteria are grouped based on the phylum they belong to. A high or low score is not necessarily negative; it is simply a comparison with other healthy people.
Keep improving yourself
You have taken the first steps towards a healthier microbiome. Now you can get started with the tips in this report. With a follow-up test after a month, you will see how dietary and lifestyle changes affect your microbiome - and you can further refine your approach. A third test will help you monitor the effects over a longer period. Get started: work towards a healthy microbiome! All our products are now available at a special discounted rate.
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Extra guidance: personalized support from a professional, tailored to your unique microbiota
Would you like more insight into your gut bacteria test results or personal advice to address specific goals or issues? Our network of healthcare professionals is ready to assist. Click the orange button below to connect with experienced specialists. They will help you interpret your results and provide personalized advice. Please note: the costs for advice are not included in the test and may vary by provider.
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